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|placeofburial_label = Place of burial |placeofburial = |nickname = |allegiance = | }} |serviceyears = 1792–1831 |rank = Major-General |commands = ''Kriegsakademie'' |unit = |battles = |awards = |laterwork = }} Carl Philipp Gottfried (or Gottlieb) von Clausewitz〔 (; 1 June 1780 – 16 November 1831)〔Bassford, Christopher (2002). ("Clausewitz and his Works" ) at clausewitz.com. Retrieved 2007-06-30.〕 was a Prussian general and military theorist who stressed the "moral" (meaning, in modern terms, psychological) and political aspects of war. His most notable work, ''Vom Kriege'' (''On War''), was unfinished at his death. Clausewitz was a realist in many different senses and, while in some respects a romantic, also drew heavily on the rationalist ideas of the European Enlightenment. His thinking is often described as Hegelian because of his dialectical method but, although he was probably personally acquainted with Hegel, there remains debate as to whether or not Clausewitz was in fact influenced by him.〔Cormier, Youri. "Hegel and Clausewitz: Convergence on Method, Divergence on Ethics" ''International History Review'', Volume 36, Issue 3, 2014. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07075332.2013.859166?tab=permissions#.U9etAfldXGA〕 He stressed the dialectical interaction of diverse factors, noting how unexpected developments unfolding under the "fog of war" (i.e., in the face of incomplete, dubious, and often completely erroneous information and high levels of fear, doubt, and excitement) call for rapid decisions by alert commanders. He saw history as a vital check on erudite abstractions that did not accord with experience. In contrast to the early work of Antoine-Henri Jomini, he argued that war could not be quantified or reduced to mapwork, geometry, and graphs. Clausewitz had many aphorisms, of which the most famous is "War is the continuation of politics by other means." ==Name== Clausewitz's Christian names are sometimes given in non-German sources as Karl, "Carl Philipp Gottlieb," or "Carl Maria." He spelled his own given name with a "C" in order to identify with the classical Western tradition; writers who use "Karl" are often seeking to emphasize his German (rather than European) identity. "Carl Philipp Gottfried" appears on Clausewitz's tombstone.〔(Clausewitz's tombstone )〕 Nonetheless, reputable Clausewitz experts such as Peter Paret and sources such as ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' still use Gottlieb instead of Gottfried, presumably based on their reading of handwritten birth records.〔("Carl von Clausewitz", ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Carl von Clausewitz」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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